What This Text Presents:
A critical analysis of how generative artificial intelligence (GAI) reproduces patterns of digital colonialism, based on:
1. Exploitation of the Global South
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Data extraction (treated as free raw material)
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Mineral extraction (e.g., cobalt from the Congo)
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Precarious labor in AI training (e.g., underpaid annotators in Kenya or India)
2. Alternatives from the South
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China (DeepSeek – efficient AI using local data)
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India (Bhashini – AI for marginalized languages)
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Africa (Lelapa AI – community-driven AI development)
3. Keys to Ethical AI
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Technological sovereignty (reducing dependence on the Global North)
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